Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
2
Faculty of Sciences, University of Tehran2Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, college of science, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
4
4Department of Medical Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
5
CellOxess LLC, 15 Roszel Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
6
6GReD Institute, CNRS UMR6293-INSERM U1103-Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France
7
Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Centre, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
10.22074/ijfs.2023.2005832.1485
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that accompany many metabolic disorders including diabetes, obesity, and a wide range of dyslipidemia conditions, are strongly associated with adverse effects on cell and tissue homeostasis. According to the latest report of the International Diabetes Federation (2021), the prevalence of global diabetes is estimated to be 10.5% of all adults. To better understand the effects of AGEs on sperm functional parameters, we used mouse models exposed to AGE-promoting diets with or without methylglyoxal (MGO) as a major precursor of AGEs.
Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups as control (n=5), AGE (n=5), MGO (n=8), and AGE-MGO-diets (n=8). After five weeks, fasting blood sugar (FBS), body weight, food intake, sperm parameters, and functional tests were measured. Furthermore, testicular superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity were assessed.
Results: After five weeks, AGE, AGE-MGO, and MGO groups had the highest body weight and FBS levels compared to the control group. Mean sperm concentration, sperm malondialdehyde, testicular lipid peroxidation, and TAC did not differ significantly between the groups. In contrast, AGE, MGO, and AGE-MGO groups showed the significant reduction in sperm motility and progressive motility compared to the control group (P<0.05). The greatest increases in abnormal sperm morphology and intracytoplasmic ROS were observed in the MGO and AGE-MGO groups than control group (P<0.05). Sperm protamine deficiency and residual histone were significantly increased in the three treatment groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Regarding the DNA damage, AGE and AGE-MGO groups showed the most severe damage. The lowest amount of testicular SOD (P<0.001) was observed in the AGE-MGO group.
Conclusion: AGEs and MGO have a negative influence on sperm function, and reproductive potential. These effects could be possibly attributed to both increased oxidative stress and inflammation.
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