Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401The Impact of Herpes Simplex Virus on Semen Parameters in Men with Idiopathic Infertility: A Systematic Review15215970074710.22074/ijfs.2022.552037.1289ENAtefeh YasStudent Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranElaheh Mansouri GhezelhesariStudent Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-8771-031XElnaz IranifardStudent Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranAli TaghipourSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-7594-0097Malihe MahmoudiniaMaternal and Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-9746-3313Robab Latifnejad RoudsariNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-1438-8822Journal Article20220419Infertility due to the male factor is one of the major problems of infertile couples. One of the factors contributing to<br />male infertility could be the herpes simplex virus (HSV). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact<br />of HSV on semen parameters. This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for<br />Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Different English and Persian databases including Web of Science,<br />PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, ProQuest as well as SID, Magiran and Iranmedex were searched<br />by two researchers, independently, without time limit until April 15, 2022. Observational studies that reported the<br />relationship between HSV and semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility were included in this review. The<br />Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for quality assessment of the included studies. Out of 356<br />retrieved articles, 12 observational studies comprising a total of 1460 patients were reviewed. Four studies examined<br />the effect of HSV1 virus, two studies examined the effect of HSV2 virus and five studies examined the effect of both<br />viruses on semen parameters. Seven studies reported at least one significant association between HSV infection and<br />semen parameters. Sperm count and sperm motility were semen parameters further affected by the virus. In conclusion,<br />HSV can be one of the risk factors for male infertility and it can affect semen parameters. However, due to the<br />dearth of studies, further research with more robust designs are recommended.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_700747_a745e04d373cd3d605fcd9de541129ab.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401A Meta-Analysis of The Prevalence and Etiology of Infertility in Iran16017370118410.22074/ijfs.2023.541991.1215ENGhobad AbangahDepartment of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran0000-0001-6796-1365Tayebeh RashidianDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran0000-0003-4119-8757Marziyeh Parizad NasirkandyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-2562-7104Milad AzamiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran0000-0002-4509-5520Journal Article20211101Infertility is a serious health issue in the world affecting approximately 8-10% of couples worldwide. The meta-analysis<br />study was performed to assess the prevalence and etiologic factors associated with infertility in Iran. We made sure<br />that the implementation of study and reporting the results were consistent with the MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines,<br />respectively. All stages of the research were conducted by two authors, and the disagreement at each stage of the research<br />was resolved by consensus. On January 1, 2020, we started a detailed literature search on international online<br />databases, and Iranian Online databases, as well as specialized journals, several authentic international publishers and<br />Google Scholar. We reviewed the reference list of identified articles for missed articles and then searched online for<br />them. Data analysis was performed to estimate the prevalence using a random effects model. The lifetime infertility<br />prevalence was found to be 11.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.6-14.7] and the current infertility was evaluated to<br />be 3.7% (95% CI: 3.2-4.3). The prevalence of primary infertility (based on 45 articles consisting of 51,021 samples)<br />as well as secondary infertility (based on 13 articles consisting of 35,683 samples) in Iran were estimated to be 18.3%<br />(95% CI: 15.4-21.6) and 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6-4.0), respectively. The prevalence of female, male, both and unexplained<br />causes was estimated to be 32.0% (95% CI: 27.6-36.8), 43.3% (95% CI: 38.2-48.6), 12.5% (95% CI: 9.6-16.2) and<br />13.6% (95% CI: 10.2-17.8), respectively. The prevalence of causes related to ovulation, uterine tubes, and endometriosis<br />in infertile women was estimated to be 54.0% (95% CI: 45.6-62.2), 15.5% (95% CI: 11.3-21.0), 6.2% (95%<br />CI: 3.5-10.6), and 5.4% (95% CI: 2.5-11.3), respectively. In summary, the estimate of infertility burden in Iran did<br />not change between 1990 and 2017 and its prevalence remains high. This research presents a unified and up-to-date<br />overview regarding the burden of infertility in Iran.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_701184_b61354228104c57798cdf923b528bd2a.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401Role of Marital Relationship Quality in Emotional Disturbance and Personal Growth of Women with Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study17418069844010.22074/ijfs.2022.551247.1281ENShiva ShafieriziCounselling in Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranSeddigheh EsmaelzadehInfertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranFaezeh GhofraniInfertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranHemmat GholiniaSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran0000-0003-0517-2429Mahbobeh FaramarziInfertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran0000-0002-3568-7039Journal Article20220402<strong>Background: </strong>Infertility is a stressful condition that can lead to either emotional disturbance or personal growth. Marital<br />relationship is one of the factors affecting the consequences of infertility. This study aimed to explore the role of<br />marital relationship quality in development of women's personal growth after experiencing infertility.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In the cross-sectional study, 122 infertile women (mean age 28.79 ± 6.3) were invited to<br />complete the survey, including ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Posttraumatic Growth, Fertility problem inventory,<br />State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Inventory Depression.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Higher scores of quality of marital relationships were a protective factor against infertility stress and state/<br />trait anxiety. Additionally, infertility stress was a strong negative predictor of personal growth. Furthermore, infertile<br />women with a high level of marital relationships may have more chances to experience personal growth rather than<br />stress in infertility treatments.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study suggests that high quality of marital relationships may provide positive opportunities for women’s<br />personal growth after experiencing infertility.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_698440_3ed3a59ea12ac9cbed2c3fc64ceb0149.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401The Predictive Value of Serum ß-HCG Levels in The Detection of Ectopic Pregnancy Sixteen Days after Embryo Transfer: A Cross-Sectional Study18118625511510.22074/ijfs.2022.546087.1247ENSeyedehhoura HashemiDepartment of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, IranArezoo ArabipoorDepartment of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8535-7898Solmaz KohestaniDepartment of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, IranZahra ZolfagharyReproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9323-1080Samira VesaliReproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, IranFirouzeh GhaffariDepartment of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9234-5318Journal Article20220103<strong>Background: </strong>To detect the predictive value of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels 16 days post<br />embryo transfer (ET) regarding detection of an ectopic pregnancy (EP) in assisted reproductive technology<br />(ART) cycles.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> In this cross-sectional study, we reviewed the database of Royan Institute from January<br />2011 to December 2014 and from January 2017 to December 2019 retrospectively. All cases with positive β-hCG<br />levels sixteen days after ET were screened (n=4149). The pregnancies with oocyte or embryo donation and the multiple<br />pregnancies based on the first ultrasound were excluded. All eligible singleton pregnancies with documented<br />serum β-hCG levels at Royan institute laboratory (n=765) were included and then classified according to the type<br />of pregnancy: EP (n=189) or non-EP (n=576). The data of the treatment cycle was extracted from the patients’ files.<br />A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to detect the predictive power of the first measurement<br />of β-hCG level in distinguishing EP from ongoing pregnancy in the ART and intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles<br />separately. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the ROC curve and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for<br />each of the estimates.<br /><strong>Results: </strong>The mean levels of β-hCG 16 days after ET were remarkably higher in the ongoing pregnancy group than<br />the EP group (1592.35 ± 87 IU/L vs. 369.69 ± 50.61 IU/L, P<0.001). The β-hCG thresholds predictive of ongoing<br />pregnancy were 278 IU/L as the most suitable cut-off to predict viable pregnancy with a sensitivity of 72.8%, a<br />specificity of 67.5%, a positive predictive value of 77.8%, standard error of 0.02, and a confidence interval of 73.8-<br />81.7%. However, this relationship was not found in IUI cycles.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on these findings, if β-hCG levels 16 days after ET are below 278 IU/l, close follow-up is recommended,<br />until either the diagnosis of EP or miscarriage is established.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_255115_f966c491c55c9462e0afaa46670aa024.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401The Effects of Clove Oil on The Biochemical and Histological Parameters, and Autophagy Markers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Model Rats18719469665310.22074/ijfs.2022.543640.1260ENMalihe SoltaniDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IranMaryam MoghimianDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IranSeyd-Hosein Abtahi-EvariDepartment of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IranSeyed-Alireza EsmaeiliImmunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranRamin MahdipourDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMajid ShokoohiClinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran0000-0001-5197-3740Journal Article20220210<strong>Background:</strong> This study aimed to determine whether syzygium aromaticum (clove) could help polycystic ovary<br />syndrome (PCOS) rats.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, forty adult female Wistar rats (weighing 250 ± 10 g) were divided<br />randomly into five groups; G1: control, G2: PCOS group, G3: PCOS+clove (30 mg/kg/ orally/daily) group, G4:<br />PCOS+clove (60 mg/kg/orally/daily) group, and G5: PCOS+gonadectomy group. The PCOS was induced by a single<br />dose injection of estradiol valerate (16 mg/kg/IM). Following PCOS induction, the rats were treated for 14 days. Histological<br />parameters, follicle apoptosis, mRNA expression of autophagy markers (Lc3, Beclin1), oxidative stress markers,<br />insulin and blood glucose levels, as well as serum levels of aromatase and testosterone were evaluated in these rats.<br />Finally, the ratio of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels was also calculated.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The autophagy markers (Lc3, Beclin1), histological parameters, oxidative stress, insulin, and hormone levels<br />changed significantly in the PCOS rats (G2). In G3 and G5 groups, it was observed that the levels of LH/FSH and testosterone<br />decreased significantly in comparison to the PCOS group, and inhibition of autophagy was also observed in<br />these groups. Treatment with cloves in the G3 group significantly improved oxidative stress, histological parameters,<br />and insulin levels.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> These findings demonstrated that oxidative stress, apoptosis, and excessive autophagy could be improved<br />by treatment with low doses of clove and gonadectomy. Cloves may help to improve these parameters by regulating and<br />inhibiting excessive autophagy. However, discovering the direct role of this extract in regulating the parameters such<br />as oxidative stress, insulin, and androgens requires further investigation. In the present study, P<0.05 was considered<br />statistically significant.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_696653_60bdf1aed37ef0cb93a3aab7b04aee1d.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401Evaluation of Early Frozen Blastocyst Transfer in A True Natural Cycle Protocol in Comparison to A Hormone Replacement Protocol: A Single-Center Cohort Study19520025219310.22074/ijfs.2022.544635.1238ENJenna GaleUniversity of Ottawa, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Fertility Centre, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON, Canada0000-0001-7013-271XDoron ShmorgunUniversity of Ottawa, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Fertility Centre, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON, CanadaVanessa BacalUniversity of Ottawa, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, CanadaMarie-Claude LeveilleUniversity of Ottawa, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Fertility Centre, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, CanadaJournal Article20211216<strong>Background</strong>: Timing of frozen embryo transfer (FET) within a purported window of implantation is of increasing interest,<br />and there is a paucity of evidence surrounding the transfer of frozen embryos early within these frozen embryo transfer<br />protocols. This study aimed to evaluate whether live birth rates were equivalent after FET of blastocysts 4 days after<br />luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in a true natural cycle protocol, compared to a hormone replacement (HR) protocol.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Single-centre, retrospective cohort study involving patients undergoing autologous frozen<br />blastocyst transfer from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2016. Cycles were grouped according to their protocol:<br />true natural cycle (hormonal detection of LH surge with FET scheduled four days later) versus HR cycle (luteal<br />phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist suppression, oral or vaginal estradiol and intramuscular progesterone<br />starting five days before FET). A total of 850 cycles were included, 501 true natural cycles and 349 HR cycles. The<br />primary outcome was the live birth rate, secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage. Logbinomial<br />regression models were performed adjusting for a priori selected variables.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Adjusted resulted in live birth rates of 38.7 and 40.4%, [adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 0.96, 95% confidence interval<br />(CI): 0.76-1.22, P=0.729] in the natural cycle and HR groups, respectively. The secondary outcome analyses did<br />not demonstrate any statistically significant difference in the rate of positive human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG),<br />clinical intrauterine pregnancy rate, or miscarriage rate.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The timing of the FET four days after LH surge in a true natural cycle protocol results in equivalent live<br />birth rates compared to a HR protocol. Results of this study suggest that the window of implantation within the natural<br />cycle may be less finite than currently believed and further prospective studies evaluating the timing of frozen embryo<br />transfer are warranted.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_252193_7e1e7b84db82ee6635060b68b8f78987.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401Effects of Date Palm Pollen Supplementations on The Expression of PRDX1 and PRDX6 Genes in Infertile Men: A Controlled Clinical Trial20120769793610.22074/ijfs.2022.549291.1264ENAli Mohammad FalahatiDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran0000-0002-7713-5777Soghra FallahiHormozgan Institute of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran0000-0002-9037-182XZeinab AllamehzadehMedical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostic Lab, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran0000-0002-5056-0941Maliheh Izadi RaieniMedical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostic Lab, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran0000-0002-0336-4606Kianoosh MalekzadehDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, IranHormozgan Institute of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran0000-0001-7011-5637Journal Article20220221<strong>Background:</strong> Accumulating evidences suggest that date palm pollen (DPP) induces antioxidant activity and improves<br />semen parameters in male rats. However, there is a few scientific evidences in support of the DPP effects on human<br />male fertility. Hence, the effect of oral consumption of DPP on sperm parameters and expression pattern of Peroxiredoxin-<br />1 (PRDX1) and Peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6) genes was evaluated in men with infertility.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> The current controlled clinical trial included 40 men with infertility (DPP group) and 10 normospermic<br />fertile men as controls. The DPP group received gelatinous capsules of DPP (400 mg/kg) for 74 days. Semen<br />sampling was done before and after treatment in the both groups. Semen analysis and 8-isoprostane concentration assessments<br />were performed by computer-assisted sperm analysis and ELISA methods, respectively. Quantitative reverse transcription<br />polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were employed to explore expression of PRDX1 and PRDX6 genes.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> DPP consumption significantly improved semen volume (P=0.030), count (P<0.001) and morphology of<br />sperm (P=0.023). Concentration of 8-isoprostane was significantly decreased after intervention in the DPP group<br />(P<0.001). DPP consumption led to a significant elevation in the expression of PRDX1 and PRDX6 genes (P<0.001).<br />Elevated gene expression of PRDX6 and PRDX1 was positively correlated with improved parameters of sperm including<br />count, volume, motility and morphology.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Taken together, DPP seems to promote sperm quality through a decrease in reactive oxygen species<br />(ROS) by increasing expression of antioxidant genes. Further large-scale studies are required to challenge this hypothesis<br />(registration number: IRCT2015021221014N2)https://www.ijfs.ir/article_697936_f148664a2d0a814259eeab1087c27ab1.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401Levels of DNA, Protein, Lipid Oxidation and Apoptosis Biomarkers in Semen of Men with Hyperviscous Semen: A Cross-Sectional Study20821425454510.22074/ijfs.2022.546434.1249ENNafiseh KhakzadDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranFatemeh Ghaderi BarmiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranFateme HammamiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranTahereh Khaneh ZarrinDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranHadiseh Beheshti DafchahiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranSareh RostamiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranAlireza ShahriaryChemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSaman Seyfizadeh SaraabestanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran0000-0001-5809-0959Journal Article20220108<strong>Background: </strong>Semen hyperviscosity is a threatening cause of abnormal spermatozoa and infertility in men. We aimed<br />to evaluate oxidative stress, antioxidants depletion and sperm apoptosis as main reasons for poor quality of spermatozoa<br />in men with hyperviscous semen.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, ejaculate specimens were collected from fertile (n=102) and<br />infertile men with hyperviscous semen (n=123) and without semen hyperviscosity (n=143). Total antioxidant capacity<br />(TAC), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<br />and were measured in semen samples to estimate oxidative stress status. Gene expression pattern of BAX, CASPASE-9,<br />CASPASE-3, and BCL2 was assessed to estimate sperm apoptosis.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The average of sperm count, normal morphology, normal motility, and sperm vitality in men with hyperviscous<br />semen was significantly lower than infertile subjects without hyperviscous semen (P<0.01). Men with hyperviscous semen<br />exhibited higher levels of PC (8.34 ± 1.03 nmol/mg vs. 6.01 ± 0.93 nmol/mg, P=0.008), MDA (1.14 ± 0.27 nmol/<br />ml vs. 0.89 ± 0.22 nmol/ml, P=0.031), 8-OHdG (259.71 ± 24.59 ng/ml vs. 197.13 ± 18.47 ng/ml, P=0.009), but lower<br />TAC contents (1250.44 ± 66.23 μM/L vs. 1784.31 ± 89.87 μM/L, P=0.018) and GSH (3.82 ± 1.05 μM vs. 5.89 ± 0.87<br />μM, P=0.021) than men with non-viscous semen. The expression of BAX, CASPASE-3 and CASPASE-9 genes in men<br />with hyperviscous semen was significantly increased by 1.39-fold (P=0.041), 1.47-fold (P=0.046), 1.29-fold (P=0.048),<br />respectively, as compared with the infertile subjects without hyperviscous semen. However, BCL2 expression in infertile<br />men without hyperviscous semen was higher compared to those with hyperviscous semen (1.36-fold, P=0.044).<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyperviscous semen is markedly associated with depletion of seminal plasma antioxidants, sperm membrane<br />lipid peroxidation, DNA and protein oxidation, and sperm apoptosis. Antioxidant therapy might be considered as a<br />valuable strategy to protect sperm cells against oxidative damage in cases with seminal fluid hyperviscosity.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_254545_4fc7f73d0f044ffdbf054b49e4dfe8ef.pdfRoyan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)International Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X17320230401Mosaic Ring Chromosome 13 Presented with Isolated Male Infertility: Case Report21521725419410.22074/ijfs.2022.548793.1262ENMohamamdreza ZamanianDepartment of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, IranHesam SajadiDepartment of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7198-0312Masoomeh TahsiliDepartment of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, IranParnaz Borjian BoroujeniDepartment of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, IranNavid AlmadaniDepartment of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220213Ring chromosomes are the result of breakage and re-union of distal ends of chromosomal arms. They have a general<br />frequency of 1 in 50,000 and 1 in 58,000 for chromosome 13. Ring chromosome 13 is usually presented as a syndromic<br />situation stigmatized by particular features, including developmental delay, mental retardation and CNS, skeletal<br />or organ anomalies. As an experimental study, here we report a 31 years old male with no major phenotypic manifestation<br />who was evaluated for azoospermia, while his karyotype revealed presence of a mosaic ring chromosome 13. He<br />had a history of bilateral varicocelectomy and no other major finding in his routine infertility work up was determined.<br />Genetic counseling did not provide any clue for mental disability or dysmorphic features. Pathology examination of<br />the testicular tissue revealed very scarce number of spermatid/spermatozoa within the tubules in conjunction with<br />degrees of maturation arrest mostly in spermatocyte stage. In our knowledge, this is the first report of a ring chromosome<br />13, manifested by an isolated male infertility.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_254194_2f39b48b1472a450374a1af4cbd79de0.pdf