Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
Oxidative Stress and its Role in Female Infertility and Assisted Reproduction: Clinical Implications
147
164
EN
Agarwal
Ashok
Sajal
Gupta
Neena
Malhotra
malhotraneena83@yahoo.com
Dipika
Sharma
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45727
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in physiological functions and act as mediators in various signaling processes. Elevated or sustained generation of free radicals and non radical species derived from free radicals can lead to an imbalance in the intracellular redox homeostasis. Normally, any excess levels of reactive radical and nonradical species generated are intercepted by antioxidants. An excess of the free radicals however, can precipitate pathologies in the female reproductive tract. Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in various pathological conditions such as abortions, preeclampsia, hydatidiform mole, fetal teratogenecity, preterm labor and intrauterine growth retardation, all of which lead to an immense burden of maternal and fetal, morbidity and mortality. In addition evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a role in the proinflammatory changes seen with polycystic ovarian disease and also in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and tubal factor infertility. Our review captures the role of OS in assisted reproduction specifically in in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro maturation of oocytes (IVM). We also examine the role antioxidants play in modifying the fertility outcomes with assisted reproductive techniques. Finally in vivo and in vitro strategies to modulate the influence of ROS and establish an optimal redox state are also discussed.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45727.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45727_739006c48f88e05e669789ada92a01f9.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
Flexible Multi-dose GnRH Antagonist versus Long GnRH Agonist Protocol in Poor Responders: A Randomized Controlled Trial
165
168
EN
Ensieh
Shahrokh Tehraninejad
Endocrinology and Female Infertility Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
eshtehrani@yahoo.com
Azadeh
Fazel
Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Arash
Samiei
Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Batool
Rashidi
Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
bhr17@hotmail.com
Kiandokht
Kiani
Endocrinology and Female Infertility Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45728
Background<br /> To compare a flexible, multi-dose GnRH antagonist protocol with a long GnRH .agonist protocol in poor respo<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> A randomized clinical trial of 70 poor responder patients (35 patients in GnRH antagonist protocol and 35 patients in long GnRH agonist protocol) was performed at Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran. Both groups were given a fixed dose of human menopausal gonadotropin HMG) for stimulation and oral contraceptive pre-treatment. Data analyzed by student’s group) .t-test or Chi square test<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> Stimulation duration, total gonadotrophins consumption, mean numbers of oocytes retrieved, formed embryos, cycle cancellation rate, and clinical pregnancy rate were similar between both groups. Although the miscarriage rate was higher in the agonist protocol group, the rate of .miscarriage was not statistically significant between both gro<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> A flexible, multi-dose GnRH antagonist protocol appears as effective as the long GnRH agonist protocol in poor responders. More (larger) randomized controlled trials for better .statistical analysis are recommended
GnRH Agonist,GnRH Antagonist,IVF,Poor Ovarian Function
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45728.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45728_255d5453cf4af58e8f40701bfafcc16e.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
The Effect of Intercourse around Embryo Transfer on Pregnancy Rate in Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles
169
172
EN
Abbas
Aflatoonian
0000-0002-2896-6136
Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd,
Iran
abbas_aflatoonian@yahoo.com
Sedigheh
Ghandi
Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
Nasim
Tabibnejad
Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd,
Iran
nasimtabib@yahoo.com
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45729
Background<br /> Implantation failure is the most important cause of recurrent in vitro fertilization/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) failure. Several reports suggest that intercourse during the peritransfer period might improve pregnancy rates. This study is designed to determine whether intercourse during the peritransfer period will improve pregnancy and implantation rates in patients undergoing IVF or ICSI.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> In a randomized control trial study, 390 women with at least five years infertility were evaluated. In the study group, 195 patients had intercourse at least once 12 hours after embryo transfer. Implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared with 195 patients in the control group who had no intercourse for the entire assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> Implantation rate in the study group was 6.5% in comparison with 5.5% for the control group. Clinical pregnancy rates were not significantly higher in study patients when compared to the control group (14.2% and 11.7% respectively).<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> The results showed that intercourse during the peritransfer period can not increase pregnancy outcome.
Pregnancy Rate,IVF,ICSI,Coitus
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45729.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45729_f83c6841c2d0f32d37ff95bc908d98ad.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
Discontinuation Decision in Assisted Reproductive Techniques
173
178
EN
Ashraf
Moini
Endocrinology and Female Infertility Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Royan
Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science,
Tehran, Iran
a_moini@royaninstitue.org
Sahar
Salehizadeh
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science,
Tehran, Iran
Farzaneh
Moosavi
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science,
Tehran, Iran
Kiandokht
Kiani
Endocrinology and Female Infertility Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Royan
Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
Soraya
Khafri
Social Medicine and Health Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45730
Background<br /> In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are recognized as established and increasingly successful forms of treatment for infertility, yet significant numbers of couples discontinue treatment without achieving a live birth. This study aims to identify major factors that influence the decision to discontinue IVF/ICSI treatments.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> We studied the data of 338 couples who discontinued their infertility treatments after three cycles; based on medical records and phone contact. The main measure was the reason for stopping their treatments.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> Economical problems were cited by 212 couples (62.7%), as their mean income was significantly less than other couples (p <0.0001). Lack of success was reported as a reason by 229 (67.8%), from whom 165 (72%) also had economical problems. Achieving independent- ART pregnancy was the reason for discontinuation in 20 (5.9%) couples. Psychological stress, depression and anxiety were reported as other cessation factors by 169 (50%), 148 (43.8%) and 182 (53.8%) couples, respectively.<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> This survey suggests that the most common reasons for assisted reproductive technique (ART) discontinuation after three cycles are: prior unsuccessful cycles, economical and psychological problems. Therefore, the substantial proportion of couples could benefit from psychological intervention, increasing awareness of ART outcomes and health funding to cope more adequately with failed treatments.
IVF,ICSI,Patient dropout
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45730.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45730_d243d85c1a6273c225eea51336c34174.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
Comparison between Quality of Cryopreserved Embryos Generated from Short and Long Gamete Incubation
179
184
EN
Morteza
Anvari
Mohammad Ali
Khalili
khalili@ssu.ac.ir
Azam
Agha-Rahimi
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45733
Background<br /> The purpose was to investigate the effect of the duration of gamete incubation on fertilization rate, embryo cleavage, and embryo quality before and after freezing in mice.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> Ovulated oocytes collected from superovulated mice after ip injection of PMSG and hCG were divided randomly into control and experimental groups. Oocytes from the control group were inseminated for six hours and the experimental group were inseminated for one hour, respectively. The differences in fertilization rates, embryo cleavage and percent of good quality embryos in four grades (A, B, C, D) were analyzed. Finally, two cell embryos were frozen; and after thawing, the quality of embryos from the two groups were compared.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> There was no difference between the two groups in regards to fertilization and cleavage rates. However, the proportion of grade A embryos was significantly higher among the experimental group (41.7%) when compared to the control group (19%). Also the proportion of grade D embryos was significantly (p=0.04) lower in the experimental group (8.3%) as compared to the control group (23.8%). In addition, percentage of good quality embryos in the experimental group did not decrease after freezing (p=0.3), however the percentage of good quality embryos were significantly decreased after freezing in the control group (p=0.01).<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> Insemination of oocytes for a short period produced embryos of superior quality than insemination for a longer period in the experimental group . Also, the effect of freezing on embryos produced from short insemination was less than the long insemination period. After freezing, a higher percentage of good quality embryos survived post thawing in mice.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45733.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45733_26894353c5fec8db24ca9a08ccdc83ac.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
The Effect of Provision of Training Regarding Infertility Treatment Strategies on Anxiety Level of Infertile Couples
185
188
EN
Mustafa
Hamdieh
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, Shahid Beheshty University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mostafa_hamdieh@yahoo.com
Shahrzad
Alizadegan
Endocrinology and Female Infertility Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center,
ACECR , Tehran, Iran
Epidemiology of Reproductive Helath Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, ACECR , Tehran, Iran
Vahid
Nikzad
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, Shahid Beheshty University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22074/ijfs.2011.45734
Background<br /> Infertility may have many emotional and psychological implications on infertile couples. So far, different methods for reducing anxiety in infertile couples have been evaluated. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of provision of information regarding infertility treatment to infertile couples on their anxiety levels.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> This study was conducted as a before and after clinical trial. Forty-two individuals were considered as cases and 40 as controls. In order to evaluate anxiety and depression in participants, the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire was used. The intervention group received information about infertility treatment through a two hour face-to-face meeting and was provided with a brochure. Anxiety level was assessed at the time of admission, immediately after the session and two weeks later. Assessment was performed twice for the control group; once at the time of admission and secondly, two weeks later.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> Our results show that receiving information about infertility treatment significantly decreases anxiety among infertile couples two weeks post-training. This decline does not have a significant correlation with age, sex, education level of the couple, and neither with the duration nor the cause of infertility. Providing information does not have any significant effect on the rate of depression among couples.<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> It is recommended that provision of information regarding infertility treatment methods should be considered as a means of decreasing anxiety among infertile couples who refer to infertility treatment centers.
infertility,Anxiety,Depression,Assisted reproductive technique
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45734.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45734_aedfc17f79b23d85b0bf15df904b68e0.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
The Correlation between Sexual Practices and the Development of Antisperm Antibodies
189
192
EN
Reza
Salman Yazdi
Azadeh
Akbari Sene
Zohreh
Kohpaee
Shahrzad
Zadehmodaress
Seyed
Jalil Hosseini
Masoumeh
Fallahian
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45736
Background<br /> Infertility is one of the most common and important subjects in today’s obstetrics and gynecology. Immunological factors such as the presence of antisperm antibodies (ASA) are challenging etiologies for infertility. This study was performed to determine the correlation between the type of sexual practices (oral‚ anal and vaginal during menstruation) and the ASA levels in semen and in the sexual partners’ serum.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> In this analytic cross sectional study which was performed in Royan Institute between 2005-2007‚ the type of sexual behaviours was determined in 51 couples with primary or secondary infertility. The ASA level was determined in both sexual partners’ blood serum and in the semen‚ using the Sperm Mar Test kit.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> Using statistical analyses‚ there was no significant difference between the types of sexual practices (anal‚ oral‚ vaginal during menstruation) and the prevalence and level of ASA.<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> Based on the results of this study, the prevalence and level of ASA has no significant correlation with the types of sexual behaviours (anal‚ oral‚ vaginal during menstruation).
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45736.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45736_202127b7ad64d5ad3135b5c53205c762.pdf
Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
2008-076X
2008-0778
2
4
2009
02
01
Diagnostic Value of PCR and ELISA for Chlamydia trachomatis in a Group of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Women in Isfahan, Iran
193
198
EN
Anahita
Jenab
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Naser
Golbang
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Pouran
Golbang
Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
Leili
Chamani-Tabriz
Reproductive Infections Department, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avesina Research Institute,
Tehran, Iran
Rasoul
Roghanian
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
r.roghanian@sci.ui.ac.ir
10.22074/ijfs.2009.45737
Background<br /> Chlamydia trachomatis infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infections (STI) in the world that lead to a cause of tubal factor infertility in women. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of C.trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA.<br /> <br /> <br /> Materials and methods<br /> Endocervical swabs were collected from 80 women; 22 of them were asymptomatic and 58 symptomatic. Samples were examined by PCR designed to detect Chlamydial plasmid using specific KL1 and KL2 primers. Serum IgG and IgA antibodies to C.trachomatis were detected by ELISA. Since elevated CRP levels are a marker for inflammation, the presence of C- Reactive protein (CRP) has also been evaluated in all samples.<br /> <br /> <br /> Results<br /> The rate of C.trachomatis infection by PCR was revealed to be 27.2% and 18.9% in asymptomatic and symptomatic women, respectively The χ2 test shows no significant difference (p value= 0.22). Serological screening was done on all samples. The high level of IgG and IgA to C.trachomatis infection was 29.4% and 17.6%, respectively. The presence of high levels of CRP, as a serological marker of persistence infection, was 31.8% and 34.4% in asymptomatic and symptomatic women, respectively. The high rate of CRP level in the samples indicates acute infections in both groups.<br /> <br /> <br /> Conclusion<br /> Genital C.trachomatis infection is the leading cause of tubal factor infertility. The present study shows that C.trachomatis infection could be present in symptomatic as well as asymptomatic women. Therefore, a screening test for C.trachomatis infection is recommended for all women who refer to gynecologic outpatient departments in Isfahan and other parts of Iran.
Chlamydia trachomatis,Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection,Sexually Transmitted Diseases,PCR,ELISA
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45737.html
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45737_668350e95d2a2c1bd90bc32dcedbac27.pdf