ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hysterosalpingographic Appearances of Female Genital Tract Tuberculosis: Part I. Fallopian Tube
Female genital tuberculosis (TB) remains as a major cause of tubal obstruction leading to infertility, especially in developing countries. The global prevalence of genital tuberculosis has increased during the past two decades due to increasing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Genital TB is commonly asymptomatic, and it is diagnosed during infertility investigations. Despite of recent advances in imaging tools, such as computerized tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasongraphy, hysterosalpingography is still the standard screening test for evaluation of tubal infertility and a valuable tool for diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis. Tuberculosis gives rise to various appearances on hysterosalpingography (HSG) from non-specific changes to specific findings. The present pictorial review illustrates and describes specific and non-specific radiographic features of female genital tuberculosis in two parts. Part I presents specific findings of tuberculosis related to tubes such as "beaded tube", "golf club tube", "pipestem tube", "cobble stone tube" and "leopard skin tube". Part II describes adverse effects of tuberculosis on structure of endometrium and radiological specific findings such as "dwarfed" uterus with lymphatic intravasation and occluded tubes, "T-shaped" tuberculosis uterus, "pseudounicornuate" uterus and "Collar-stud abscess", which have not been encountered in the majority of non-tuberculosis cases.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45200_da019f20f32fb7aaf1ca7282a56ec384.pdf
2014-01-01
245
252
Female Genital Tuberculosis
Hysterosalpingography
Fallopian tube
Firoozeh
Ahmadi
1
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Zafarani
fzafarani@royaninstitute.org
2
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gholam
Shahrzad
dr.gh.shahrzad@gmail.com
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Y Choromosomal Microdeletion Screening in The Workup of Male Infertility and Its Current Status in India
Spermatogenesis is an essential stage in human male gamete development, which is regulated by many Y chromosome specific genes. Most of these genes are centred in a specific region located on the long arm of the human Y chromosome known as the azoospermia factor region (AZF). Deletion events are common in Y chromosome because of its peculiar structural organization. Astonishingly, among the several known genetic causes of male infertility, Y chromosomal microdeletions emerged as the most frequent structural chromosome anomaly associated with the quantitative reduction of sperm. The development of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) like intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and testicular sperm extraction (TESE) helps to bypass the natural barriers of fertilization, but it increases the concern about the transmission of genetic defects. Experimental evidence suggested that the men with Y chromosomal microdeletions vertically transmitted their deletion as well as related fertility disorders to their offspring via these ART techniques. In India, infertility is on alarming rise. ART centres have opened up in virtually every state but still most of the infertility centres in India do not choose to perform Y chromosomal microdeletion diagnosis because of some advanced theoretical reasons. Moreover, there is no consensus among the clinicians about the diagnosis and management of Y chromosomal microdeletion defects. The current review discusses thoroughly the role of Y chromosome microdeletion screening in the workup of male infertility, its significance as a diagnostic test, novel approaches for screening Y deletions and finally a systematic review on the current status of Y chromosome microdeletion deletion screening in India.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45201_65d9e730cd3ee6371ad73e7a7d9cabfd.pdf
2014-01-01
253
266
Male infertility
Y Chromosome Microdeletions
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
sequence
Tagged Site
Ramaswamy
Suganthi
sugantham2000@gmail.com
1
Department of Biotechnology, Dr.G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vijayabhavanath Vijayakumaran
Vijesh
2
Department of Biotechnology, Dr.G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, India
AUTHOR
Nambiar
Vandana
3
Department of Biotechnology, Dr.G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, India
AUTHOR
Jahangir
Fathima Ali Benazir
4
Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Banglore, India
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Iranian Pregnant Women and Its Subsequent Outcome
Background: Group B streptococcus colonization in pregnant women usually has no symptoms, but it is one of the major factors of newborn infection in developed countries. In Iran, there is a little information about the prevalence of maternal colonization and newborns infected by group B streptococcus. In order to find the necessary information to create a protocol for prevention and treatment of group B streptococcus infection in newborns, we conducted a study of its prevalence among Iranian pregnant women and its vertical transmission to their newborns. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study performed at Prenatal Care Clinic of the Sarem Hospital from 2009 to 2011. The pregnant women with the gestational age of 35-37 weeks were enrolled in the study. The vaginal culture for group B streptococcus was done for 980 mothers based on our protocol. Among 980 mothers, 48 were shown positive vaginal culture; however, 8 cases among these 48 mothers were positive for both vaginal and urine culture. Babies with mothers showing positive vaginal culture were screened for infection using complete blood count /blood culture (B/C) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Then, a complete sepsis workup was performed for babies with any signs of infection in the first 48 hours after birth, and they received antibiotic therapy if necessary. All collected data were analyzed (SPSS version 15). Results: Among 980 pregnant women with vaginal culture, 48 cases had positive group B streptococcus cultures among which 8 mothers also had positive group B streptococcus urine culture. Our findings revealed that 22 (50%) symptomatic neonates were born from the mothers with positive vaginal culture for group B streptococcus. About 28 of them (63%) had absolute neutrophil count more than normal, and 4 (9.1 %) newborns were omitted from the study. Therefore, 50% of neonates showed clinical feature, whereas para-clinical test was required to detect the infection for the rest of neonates who showed no signs or symptoms. Conclusion: The colonization of group B streptococcus in Iranian women is significant, while 50% of newborns from mother with positive vaginal culture were symptomatic after birth; therefore, screening of newborns for group B streptococcus infection is recommended to become a routine practice in all healthcare centers in Iran.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45202_cc01438c4dc513941e9b2b06319821d4.pdf
2014-01-01
267
270
neonate
Group B Streptococcus
Pregnancy Outcome
Mahboobeh
Shirazi
mahboobeh.shirazi@yahoo.in
1
Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ;Breast Feeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ezat
Abbariki
2
Breast Feeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Hafizi
3
Department of Pediatrics, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Shahbazi
4
Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ;4Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Iran
AUTHOR
Mozhgan
Bandari
5
5Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sarem Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Role of Oxidative Stress on Vaginal Bleeding during The First Trimester of Pregnant Women
Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in many metabolic and physiologic processes. Antioxidative mechanisms remove these harmful species. Our aim was to assess whether serum total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status altered during first trimester pregnancies with vaginal bleeding. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, A group of pregnant women at less than 10 weeks of gestation with vaginal bleeding (n=25) and a control group of healthy pregnancies with similar characteristics (n=25) were included. All of the patients in the two groups were matched for age, gestational age and body mass index. Serum total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status levels were determined using a Hitachi 912 analyzer and compared between the two groups. Results: Characteristics, including maternal age, parity, and gestational age were similar between the two groups. Serum total antioxidant capacity levels were significantly lower in the women with vaginal bleeding than in control women (1.16 ± 0.20 vs. 1.77 ± 0.08 mmol Trolox Equiv./L; p=0.001), whereas higher total oxidant status measurements were found in women with vaginal bleeding compared to the control group (4.01 ± 0.20 vs. 2.57 ± 0.65 µmol H2O2 Equiv./L; p=0.001). Conclusion: Increased total oxidant status might be involved in the pathophysiology of vaginal bleeding during early first trimester pregnancies.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45203_83eb71064c89409f658f3063d1b58653.pdf
2014-01-01
271
274
Oxidative stress
vaginal bleeding
First trimester
Rüya
Deveer
deveer3@hotmail.com
1
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehmet
Deveer
mehmetdeveer@mu.edu.tr
2
Department of Radiology, Sitki Kocman University Scool of Medicine, Mugla, Turkey
AUTHOR
Yaprak
Engin-Üstün
3
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Eren
Akbaba
4
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Sema
Uysal
5
Departmen of Biochemistry, Fatih University Scool of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Esma
Sarikaya
6
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Cavidan
Gülerman
7
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
Leyla
Mollamahmutoglu
l.mollamahmutoglu@yahoo.com.tr
8
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
FABP9 Mutations Are Not Detected in Cases of Infertility due to Sperm Morphological Defects in Iranian Men
Background: Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the intracellular li- pid binding protein (iLBPs) family and most of them show tissue specific expression. FABP9/PERF15 (Perforatorial15) is the male germ cell-specific fatty acid-binding pro- tein. It was first identified as the major constituent of the murine sperm perforatorium and perinuclear theca. To date, investigations in mice have demonstrated that this protein has a role in the male reproductive system, especially in spermatogenesis. Also, it has been reported that FABP9 can protect sperm fatty acids from oxidative damage. Recently it was shown that it can affect sperm morphology in mice. Based on these findings, we designed a study to evaluate if mutations of this gene can affect sperm morphology in humans. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 100 infertile males with normal sperm count but with a number of morphologi- cally abnormal sperms in their semen that was above normal. Four exons and one intron of the FABP9 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), re-sequenced and then analyzed for mutation detection. Results: We did not detect any mutation in any area of the four exons, intron 3 and splice sites of FABP9 gene in any of the studied 100 samples. Conclusion: There was no mutation in the exonic regions and the poor sperm mor- phology. However, we didn’t analyze the promoter, intron 1 and 2 to establish conclusions regarding the association of these genic regions and sperm dysmor- phology.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45204_616b90f1c8ba3ae931421bf4d081f9cc.pdf
2014-01-01
275
280
Mutation
Fertility
Sperm
Javad
Jamshidi
1
Department of Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
AUTHOR
Farkhondeh
Pouresmaeili
pouresfar@gmail.com
2
Department of Medical Genetics, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (IRHRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hossein
Darvish
3
Department of Medical Genetics, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (IRHRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mir Davood
Omrani
4
Department of Medical Genetics, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (IRHRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Eznollah
Azargashb
azargashb1@yahoo.com
5
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Sadeghi
mahsaadarbandi@gmail.com
6
4Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Niknam
Lakpour
lakpour@ari.ir
7
5Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Possible Role of Autoimmunity in Patients with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Background: To evaluate the involvement of immune abnormality in patients with idiopathic premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). In addition to the known etiology, autoimmune disorders may be a pathologic mechanism for POI. Materials and Methods: Our study was a prospective controlled trial. Twenty women with POI, reasons other than autoimmune excluded, were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of 17 healthy women. In both groups, family and personal history were taken and the levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, anti-Müllerian hormone, inhibin B, antithyroglobulin and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies were determined. Antiovarian antibodies and subpopulations of peripheral blood T-lymhocytes were also determined. Results: Participants in the study group exhibited hypergonadotropichypogonadism, while high levels of follicle stimulating hormone and low levels of inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone were observed. In 16 (80%) patients, POI was associated in their personal and familial history with another autoimmune disease. Fifty percent of patients presented highly elevated antithyroid antibodies. The lymphocyte subset, especially B cells, was significantly higher (p=0.014), and peripheral regulatory lymphocytes CD25+ high were significantly lower (p=0.015) in the study group than in the control group. Anti- ovarian antibodies were detected in 20% of patients with POI. Conclusion: We presume that the presence of anti-ovarian antibodies together with abnormalities of cellular immunity may in some cases potentially represent the involvement of an autoimmune mechanism in idiopathic POI.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45205_896837a88095eadbf5386795260203a7.pdf
2014-01-01
281
290
Autoantibody
Thyroid Stimulating Antibody
Cell Immunity
Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
T
Lymphocyte
Renata
Košir Pogačnik
renata.kosir@inbox.com
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Helena
Meden Vrtovec
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
AUTHOR
Alenka
Vizjak
3
Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
AUTHOR
Alenka
Uršula Levičnik
4
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
AUTHOR
Nina
Slabe
5
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
AUTHOR
Alojz
Ihan
6
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assisted Reproductive Technology and Obstetric Outcome in Couples when The Male Partner Has A Chronic Viral Disease
Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) with washed semen can achieve pregnancy with minimal risk of horizontal and vertical transmission of chronic viral diseases (CVD) such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepati- tis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) among serodiscordant couples. How- ever, few studies have been made of the use made by these couples of ARTs or of the obstetric results achieved. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 93 men who were seropositive for HIV, HCV or HBV and who underwent assisted reproduction treatment at our centre (Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain) were included. Washed semen was tested to detect viral particles. Non-infected women were tested before and after each treatment, as were the neonates at birth and after three months. Results: A total of 62 sperm samples were washed, and none were positive for the detec- tion of viral molecules. Semen samples from 34 HBV positive males were not washed since the female partner had immunity to hepatitis B. In total, 38 clinical pregnancies were achieved (22% per cycle and 40.9% per couple) out of 173 cycles initiated, and 28 births were achieved (16.2% per cycle and 30.1% per couple), producing 34 live births. The rate of multiple pregnancies was 21.4%. Obstetric and neonatal results were similar in the groups of couples studied. At follow-up, no seroconversion was detected in the women or neonates. Conclusion: Sperm washing and intracytoplasmic sperm injection are shown to be a safe and effective option for reducing the risk of transmission or super infection in serodiscordant or concordant couples who wish to have a child. Pregnancies ob- tained by ART in couples when the male is CVD infected achieve good obstetric and neonatal results.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45206_6bda346b9d8d4f68fa001d96a4f5a624.pdf
2014-01-01
291
300
HIV
HCV
HBV
Reproductive Techniques
Obstetric Labor Complications
Irene
Molina
imoglez@gmail.com
1
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
LEAD_AUTHOR
María
Carmen del Gonzalvo
2
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Ana
Clavero
3
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Miguel
Ángel López-Ruz
4
Infectious Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Juan
Mozas
5
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Juan
Pasquau
6
Infectious Disease Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Antonio
Sampedro
7
4Microbiology Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
Luis
Martínez
8
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
José Antonio
Castilla
9
Human Reproduction Unit, Clinical Management Unit for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada Institute for Healthcare Research, Granada, Spain
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cigarette Smoking and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Background: To verify if in lean polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, the smok- ing habitude might increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, eighty-one women were divided into the following three groups: group I with 27 non-smokers, group II with 26 light-smokers (1-10 cigarettes/day), and group III with 28 heavy smokers (>10 cigarettes/ day). They were submitted to fasting blood sampling; blood measurement of nitrites/ni- trates (NO2-/ NO3), biochemical and hormonal parameters; ovarian ultrasonographic (US) analysis; doppler evaluation of uterine and ophthalmic arteries; brachial artery flow-medi- ated vasodilatation; 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; and oral glucose toler- ance test (OGTT). Results: Doppler analysis revealed higher uterine and ophthalmic arteries pulsatility in- dex (PI) and ophthalmic artery back pressure in group III compared with group I. The brachial artery diameter and PI, at baseline, was similar among all groups. After the re- active hyperemia, a more intense vasodilatation was observed in group I in comparison with group III. The 24-hour blood pressure demonstrated that, in group III patients, the 24-hour, day- and night-time diastolic blood pressure (DBP), was higher in comparison with non-smokers. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was higher in heavy smokers than in non-smokers. The leukocytes and homocysteine (HCY) values were increased in group III. The NO2-/ NO3- plasma levels were reduced in heavy smokers in compari- son with non-smokers. The insulin, glucose and C-peptide plasma values were higher in group III than in other groups. In heavy smokers, the estimates of insulin sensitivity (ISI) and pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-B) were higher compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Smoking habitude in lean PCOS patients may increase the soft markers of CV risk.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45207_2a303cca95cac55db360719bd4f39659.pdf
2014-01-01
301
312
smoke
PCOS
Ultrasound
Doppler
Elena
Morotti
1
AUTHOR
Bruno
Battaglia
2
AUTHOR
Raffaella
Fabbri
3
AUTHOR
Roberto
Paradisi
4
AUTHOR
Stefano
Venturoli
5
AUTHOR
Cesare
Battaglia
cesare.battaglia@unibo.it
6
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective Effect of Melatonin against Inequality-Induced Da mages on Testicular Tissue and Sper m Para meters
Background: The goals of the study are evaluation the effects of food deprivation and isolation situation as a social stress on fertility; and in the following, investigation of the improving effect of melatonin as an antioxidant component. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, We investigated histopathological and serological effects of melatonin and social stress (food deprivation and isolation) on different features of sperm and testicular tissue among 42 male rats in 7 groups including control, sham, melatonin received (M), food deprivation (FD), Food deprivation and melatonin treatment (FDM), Food deprivation and isolation situation (FDi), and Food deprivation and melatonin treatment and isolation situation (FDMi) groups. Epididymal sperms of all rats were also counted. Histopathological evaluation of the testes was done under a light microscopy to determine the number of spermiogenic cells. Serological evaluation of testosterone, corticosterone, and melatonin was performed, as well. For statistical analysis, oneway ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used, and the value of p≤0.05 was considered statistically significance. Results: The result showed that food deprivation increased the number of abnormal, immotile, and dead sperms, while decreased the number of normal sperms (p < 0.05). Isolation could improve sperm motility and viability, while enhanced the number of sper- matogenic cells. Melatonin had a protective effect on sperm count, motility, and viability, while reduced sperm abnormality. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that melatonin treatment and isolation situation improve the parameters related to epididymal sperms and spermatogenic cells after food deprivation.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45208_5173ba5989130837c6b66c03357736d2.pdf
2014-01-01
313
322
Testis
Melatonin
Food deprivation
Isolation situation
Shiva Nasiraei-Moghadam
Nasiraei-Moghadam
shiva_nasiraei@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kazem
Parivar
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abolhasan
Ahmadiani
3
Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mansoureh
Movahhedin
4
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Vaez Mahdavi
5
4Department of Clinical Trial Iranian Traditional Medicine Research Center and Health Equity, College of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
CD107a Expression and IFN-γ Production as Markers for Evaluation of Cytotoxic CD3+ CD8+ T Cell Response to CMV Antigen in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Background: Some evidence has shown a relationship between primary human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and pregnancy loss. The impact of CMV infection reactivation during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes is not completely understood. It is proposed that altered immune response, and therefore, recurrence or reactivation of latent CMV infection may relate to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA); however, few data are available in this regard. To find out about any cell mediated defect and reactivation of latent CMV infection in women with RPL, cellular immunity to the virus has been evaluated by specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to CMV. Materials and Methods: In a case control study, CTL CD107a expression and in- tercellular IFN-γ production in response to CMV pp65 antigen and staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) in women with RSA were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Forty-four cases with history of recurrent pregnancy and forty-four controls with history of successful pregnancies were included. The FACSCaliber flow cytometer were used for analysis. Results: No significant difference was observed between CD107a expression and IFN-γ production in response to CMV PP65 antigen in RPL patients and control group. How- ever, the cytotoxic response to SEB antigen in patients with RPL was significantly lower than control group (p=0.042). Conclusion: The results of this study show that impaired CD107a expression and IFN-γ production as CTL response to CMV does not appear to be a major contrib- uting and immune incompetence factor in patients with RPL, but cytotoxic T cell response defect to other antigens requires to be assessed further in these patients.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45209_9f5888affd3b3fd56f3bb7b75be5a961.pdf
2014-01-01
323
330
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte
CMV
Recurrent abortion
Batoul
Tarokhian
1
Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Roya
Sherkat
sherkat@med.mui.ac.ir
2
Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamma Hossein
Nasr Esfahani
3
Department of Reproduction Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Minoo
Adib
4
Department of Immunology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Kiani Esfahani
5
Department of Reproduction Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Behrooz
Ataei
6
4Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Serum Adiponectin Level and Clinical, Metabolic, and Hormonal Markers in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Background: To investigate the relationship between adiponectin, metabolic and hor- monal parameters, and insulin resistance in patients with non-treated polycystic ovary syndrome. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 81 patients admitted to out-patient clinic with complaints of menstrual irregularity, hirsutism and obesity were enrolled. Serum adiponectin, biochemical and hormonal parameters, and 75 gram oral glu- cose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis. Results: We observed inverse correlations between serum adiponectin level and body mass index, homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance score, insulin level, fast- ing glucose level, and prolactin level (p=0.001, p=0.02, p=0.04, p=0.02, and p=0.005, respectively). No significant correlations were found between serum adiponectin level and age, height, weight, Ferriman-Gallwey score, 2 hours OGTT test value and free tes- tosterone level (p=0.3, p=0.6, p=0.2, p=0.8, p=0.9, and p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that in polycystic ovary syndrome patients, when serum adiponectin level decreased, degree of insulin resistance increased. Our find- ings indicate that serum adiponectin level is likely to be an adequate marker for deter- mination of the degree of insulin resistance, and may be a predictor of diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome, which develop on the basis of insulin resistance.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45210_9c2c51958bc2f23be745eafa5ff63791.pdf
2014-01-01
331
336
Adiponectin
Insulin resistance
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Yunus
Yildiz
1
AUTHOR
Gülnur
Ozaksit
2
AUTHOR
Bekir
Serdar Unlu
drserdarunlu@yahoo.com
3
LEAD_AUTHOR
Emre
Ozgu
emreozgu@hotmail.com
4
AUTHOR
Hasan
Energin
5
AUTHOR
Metin
Kaba
6
AUTHOR
Mustafa
Ugur
7
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Impact of Emotionally Focused Therapy on Emotional Distress in Infertile Couples
Background: The present study investigated the effect of emotionally focused therapy (EFT) on factors contributing to emotional distress among infertile couples. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, the subjects consisted of 12 Iranian couples: six infertile men and six infertile women. They were assessed as depressed, anxious and stressful individuals using depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS). The subjects were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group with six couples (i.e. three infertile men and three infertile women) received EFT, while the control group with similar number of couples (i.e. three infertile men and three infertile women) was deprived of the treatment. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding job, educational level, income, age, marriage and infertility duration. The pre- and post-test comparisons of DASS subscales showed that level of depression, anxiety and stress among couples with EFT instruction was significantly less than those without such in- structions (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Emotionally focused therapy could reduce the rate of depression, anxiety and stress in infertile couples, regardless of the man or woman as the cause of infertility.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45211_43b61510b4bcd42a9e39337a5792a191.pdf
2014-01-01
337
344
Depression
Anxiety
Stress
infertility
Marzieh
Soltani
1
Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Shairi
2
Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Rasoul
Roshan
3
Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Changiz Rahimi
Rahimi
crahimi@hotmail.com
4
Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nephrotic Sydrome Developing in Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
We report a case that developed nephrotic syndrome during hospitalization for severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome without history of acute renal failure. During hospi- talization, she developed persistent ascites and respiratory distress. The 24 hours urine protein analysis revealed significant proteinuria and renal biopsy showed global and seg- mental sclerosis in glomeruli, mesangial arteritis, proliferations in visceral epithelial cells (IgA nephropathy). To the best of our knowledge, such a complication will be presented for the first time in the literature.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45212_f1729a942f5f404602eff725ad439e0b.pdf
2014-01-01
345
348
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
in vitro fertilization (IVF)
Ovar
ian Stimulation
ascites
Nephrotic Syndrome
Funda
Gungor Ugurlucan
fgungor@yahoo.com
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
LEAD_AUTHOR
Burcin
Karamustafaoglu
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Ahmet
Cem Iyibozkurt
3
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Isin
Kilicaslan
4
Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Yasar
Caliskan
5
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Mehmet
Ozsurmeli
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Ercan
Bastu
ercanbastu@gmail.com
7
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
Faruk
Buyru
farukbuyru@gmail.com
8
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sonographic Findings in Partial Type of Trisomy 18
Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) is the second most common trisomy among live born fetuses, with poor prognosis. Estimate of its incidence is between 1 in 4000- 16000 live births. Most of the chromosomal abnormalities in fetuses are detected by prenatal ultrasound findings in the first and second trimesters. In this case re- port, we present a partial type of trisomy 18 occurring through de novo unbalanced translocation of chromosomes 18 and 21. The ultrasound features enabling the early detection of trisomy 18 include a delayed ossification of calvarium combined with early onset of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and the absence of nasal bone through performing triple test followed by amniocentesis. Finally, the parents decided to terminate the pregnancy.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45213_1de22fa87982d6d0de0cf414b6170f9d.pdf
2014-01-01
349
352
Trisomy 18
Fetal Ultrasonography
Congenital Abnormality
Maryam
Niknejadi
mniknejadi@royaninstitute.org
1
Department of Reproductive Imaging at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Firoozeh
Ahmadi
dr.ahmadi1390@gmail.com
2
Department of Reproductive Imaging at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Farnaz
Akhbari
3
Department of Reproductive Imaging at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Parvaneh
Afsharian
parvaneh.afsharian@gmail.com
4
Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome in Three Sisters
Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are congenital anomalies due to atypical development of chromosomes, gonads and anatomy. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), also known as testicular feminization (TF) is a rare DSD disease. The majority of CAIS patients apply to hospital with the complaint of primary amenorrhea or infertility. Given that CAIS patients are all phenotypically female while having 46, XY karyotypes, CAIS diagnosis should be disclosed in an age-appropriate manner preferably by a mental health professional. Cases are reported here for three 46XY siblings consistent with CAIS.
https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45214_3c97180a396801665f4418991b1156ae.pdf
2014-01-01
353
356
Disorder of Sexual Development
46 XY Female
Androgen receptor
Mutation
infertility
Levent
Verim
leventverim@hotmail.com
1
LEAD_AUTHOR