%0 Journal Article %T Bone in The Endometrium: A Review %J International Journal of Fertility and Sterility %I Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR) %Z 2008-076X %A Khan, Sana N %A Modi, Monica %A Hoyos, Luis R %A Imudia, Anthony N %A Awonuga, Awoniyi O %D 2016 %\ 07/01/2016 %V 10 %N 2 %P 154-161 %! Bone in The Endometrium: A Review %K infertility %K Female %K surgery %K Metaplasia %K Ossification %R 10.22074/ijfs.2016.4904 %X To provide a comprehensive review of the published literature of patients with endo- metrial bone or osseous fragments with a view to critically examine the antecedent clinical presentation, investigations and prognosis after treatment. This systematic review of the literature includes full text articles of published case re- ports and cases series from the following computerized databases: PubMed, Ovid, and Medline between 1928 and 2013. We reviewed a total of 293 patients in 155 case reports and case series. The mean ± SD age at presentation was 32.7 ± 8.9. Approximately 88% of patients had at least one prior surgical uterine evacuation relating to pregnancy termina- tion or loss at a median gestational age of 14 weeks (range of 4-41 weeks). The most common presenting symptom was infertility (56.2%). One hundred twenty- four (66.0%) of the 188 patients attempting pregnancy after treatment achieved pregnancy prior to article publication and the majority (82.3%) were spontane- ous. Spontaneous miscarriage rate remains high (43%); however, most pregnancies ended in live-birth (55%). Bone fragments in the endometrium are most commonly found after pregnancy termina- tion, present with infertility and/or irregular menses, and upon removal, patients rapidly conceive spontaneously. %U https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45373_9ee0463f9054fa9c1d3196eadc9ead94.pdf