@article { author = {Espinós, Juan J and Solà, Ivan and Valli, Claudia and Polo, Ana and Ziolkowska, Lucja and Martínez-Zapata, M José}, title = {The Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes on Obese Infertile Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5921}, abstract = {Obesity has been associated with negative effects on natural fertility and poor prognosis when assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are performed. Patients attending for fertility treatments are often advised to optimize their weights to improve the outcomes. There is lack of enough information on how weight-loss would be effective for improving fertility in women who are overweight or obese. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate whether weight-loss achieved by lifestyle program improves natural or assisted reproduction in obese infertile women. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE up to March 2018. Two reviews were selected as randomised trials assessing a lifestyle intervention in women with obesity before receiving treatments for infertility and appraised their risk of bias. We extracted data on pregnancy, birth, and miscarriage rates as the primary outcomes and pooled effect estimates using a random effects model. The primary outcome was the live birth rate. We reported summary measures as the relative risk (RR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and percentage of heterogeneity (I2). We included eight randomised trials with 1175 women. Lifestyle programmes, improved pregnancy rates (RR: 1.43, CI: 95% 1.02 to 2.01; I2=60%; 8 RCTs; N=1098) but had no impact on live births (RR: 1.39, CI: 95% 0.90 to 2.14; I2=64%; 7RCTs; N=1034). Our findings suggest that women participating in lifestyle interventions had an increased risk of miscarriage (RR: 1.50, CI: 95% 1.04 to 2.16; I2=0; 6RCTs; N=543). We rated the quality of evidence for these outcomes as the moderate-to-low. Lifestyle interventions slightly increased the pregnancy rate, while it would be uncertain whether it can improve the live birth. Lifestyle interventions can increase the risk of miscarriage. More research is needed to further explore lifestyle interventions on reproductive outcomes in obese infertile women.}, keywords = {Diet,infertility,Live Birth Rate,Obesity,Physical Exercise}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45570.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45570_46d7908b3a07f0ce2a75d69f7b648ee6.pdf} } @article { author = {Kalhori, Fatemeh and Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra and Shamsaei, Farshid and Mohammadi, Younes and Yavangi, Mahnaz}, title = {Effect of Mindfulness-Based Group Counseling on Depression in Infertile Women: Randomized Clinical Trial Study}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {10-16}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5785}, abstract = {Background Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) can lead to depressive symptoms in infertile women due to their low success and high costs. Mindfulness-based group counseling can decrease depressive symptoms by increasing mental concentration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based group counseling on depression in infertile women undergoing IVF. Materials and Methods The present clinical trial included 90 infertile women undergoing IVF treatment in an infertility center in 2016. Women were divided into two groups, intervention and control. Both groups completed a demographic questionnaire and the Beck depression inventory (BDI). Eight 90-minute sessions (two each week) of mindfulness-based group counseling were held with the intervention group, while the control group received treatment as normal. Following the intervention, the BDI was again completed by both groups. The data were analyzed and independent t tests and, paired t tests conducted at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results No statistically significant demographic differences were observed between the two groups. Women in the control group had a somewhat lower depressive symptom score than the intervention group before the intervention. However, compared with before, the depressive symptom score among women in the intervention group decreased significantly (48%) (P < 0.001) after the intervention. In contrast, the depressive symptom score in control women was higher after the intervention than before. Conclusion According to the findings of the present research, mindfulness-based group counseling is able to reduce depressive symptoms in infertile women under IVF treatment. Therefore, group counseling sessions are suggested for all depressed women undergoing infertility treatment (Registration number: IRCT2015082013405N14).}, keywords = {Counseling,Depression,Female,infertility,Mindfulness}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45571.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45571_6e91e6d6a4798729e7149d45fdab46de.pdf} } @article { author = {Nouri, Mehran and Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein and Tarrahi, Mohammad Javad and Amani, Reza}, title = {The Effect of Lycopene Supplementation on Mood Status and Quality of Life in Infertile Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {17-22}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5888}, abstract = {Background Infertility is a major worldwide problem which is caused by several factors such as environmental, physiological, and genetic conditions. Lycopene is considered to be one of the most important antioxidants that can contribute to reducing or preventing the psychological damage that leads to infertility. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lycopene supplementation on depression, anxiety and stress scales and quality of life in infertile men. Materials and Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 44 infertile men with oligozoospermia were randomly divided into the following two groups: the experimental group was supplemented with 25 mg lycopene, once per day for 12 weeks, and the control group received a placebo, for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and dietary data, physical activity, mood status, including depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life scores were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed using a 21-item questionnaire (DASS-21) and quality of life was examined using the WHO 26-qustion questionnaire (WHOQOL). Results The baseline age and body mass index (BMI) were not significantly different between the two groups (age: 31.89 ± 2.51 and 32.15 ± 2.16 years old for intervention and placebo, respectively; P=0.732 and BMI: 27.20 ± 1.68 and 26.53 ± 1.53; for intervention and placebo, respectively; P=0.206). There were no significant differences in depression, anxiety and stress values between the two groups; however, depression score significantly decreased in both groups compared to the baseline levels (P=0.028 and P=0.031). No significant differences were observed in four domains of quality of life, except for psychological domain that was improved in the lycopene group compared to the baseline values (P=0.049). Conclusion Short term supplementation of lycopene had no effect on mood status and quality of life, except for psychological status in infertile men (Registration number: IRCT20171105037249N1).}, keywords = {Anxiety,Depression,Lycopene,Quality of Life,Stress}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45572.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45572_7f12df85bd3bc2d8a5396f88b156a9b5.pdf} } @article { author = {Shirazi, Mahboobeh and Pooransari, Parichehr and Hajiha, Neda and Shaker, Zeinab and Ghazi, Mohadeseh and Davari Tanha, Fatemeh and Ghorbani Yekta, Batool and Ghaemi, Marjan}, title = {Effect of Single-Dose Methotrexate Treatment on Ovarian Reserve in Women with Ectopic Pregnancy Undergoing Infertility Treatment: A Single-Center Experience}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {23-26}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5938}, abstract = {Background The aim of this study was evaluation of the impact of single-dose methotrexate (MTX) treatment on ovarian reserve in women with ectopic pregnancy (EP) undergoing infertility treatment in Iranian population. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study was done between March 2015 and March 2017 in Tehran General Women Hospital, Tehran, Iran. We enrolled 20 patients with EP who conceived during infertility treatment and received a single-dose MTX (50 mg/m2) intramuscularly. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), 17 beta-estra diol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and antral follicle count (AFC) on transvaginal ultrasonography, were evaluated before and 8 weeks after administration of MTX. Results AMH did not significantly vary after the administration of MTX, compared to before treatment value (P=0.36). FSH, E2 and AFC changes were not statistically significant, while increment of LH was significant (P=0.02). Conclusion Results indicated that single-dose MTX treatment did not reduce ovarian reserve in women with EP. Further randomized controlled clinical trial studies with larger sample sizes, by using multiple dosages of MTX, and with long-term follow up are suggested to be done.}, keywords = {Anti,Mullerian Hormone,Assisted Reproductive Techniques,Ectopic pregnancy,Methotrexate,OVARIAN RESERVE}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45573.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45573_7b0f080ce0ee61ec582edaabf1dc7c2e.pdf} } @article { author = {Kohzadi, Mozhgan and Khazaei, Mohammad Rasool and Choobsaz, Farzaneh and Khazaei, Mozafar}, title = {Relationship between Serum Levels of Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Adiponectin and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {27-33}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5809}, abstract = {Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a valid indicator of ovarian function and is used for PCOS diagnosis. Some studies have shown that adipokines affect the synthesis of AMH, and therefore they are somehow related in function. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between serum levels of AMH, adiponectin and oxidative stress markers in PCOS patients. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, PCOS patients and healthy women (80 cases in total) were investigated. Serum levels of AMH, adiponectin, gonadotropins, androgens, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO) and insulin resistance (IR) were measured by standard methods. An independent t test was used to compare the two groups and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between variables. Results There was a significant difference between the means of AMH (5.16 ± 5.3 vs. 2.44 ± 2.5 ng/mL) (P=0.007) and adiponectin (24.55 ± 9.41 vs. 30.57 ± 14.2 µg/L) (P=0.029) among the PCOS and control groups, respectively. The correlation between AMH and adiponectin in the control group was statistically significant and negative (P=0.028, r=-0.35), while in the PCOS group it was not significant (P=0.11, r=-0.25). Conclusion Various biochemical and hormonal factors differ between PCOS and healthy women. Different factors can influence AMH and adiponectin levels independently of PCOS in women of reproductive age.}, keywords = {Adiponectin,Anti,Mullerian Hormone,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45574.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45574_76f9094e0dc1631f2e166c144bc3b44a.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalife, Dalia and Nassar, Anwar and Khalil, Ali and Awwad, Johnny and Abu Musa, Antoine and Hannoun, Antoine and El Taha, Lina and Khalifeh, Fatin and Abiad, May and Ghazeeri, Ghina}, title = {Cumulative Live-Birth Rates by Maternal Age after One or Multiple In Vitro Fertilization Cycles: An Institutional Experience}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {34-40}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5855}, abstract = {Background The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) following one or more completed in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles (up to 6 cycles) stratified by maternal age and type of infertility. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, five hundred forty-seven women who received 736 fresh ovarian stimulation/embryo transfer cycles between January 2016 and December 2016 were included in the study at a tertiary care center located in Lebanon. Results In all women, the live birth rate for the first cycle was 33.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 27.8-38.2]. The CLBR showed an increase with each successive fresh cycle to reach 56.9% (95% CI: 51.2-62.4) after 3 cycles and 67.9% (95% CI: of 62.5-73.0) after 6 cycles. The CLBR following 6 cycles reached 69.9% (95% CI: 63.8-75.6) in women younger than 35 years. In women older than 40 years, however, the live birth rate for the first cycle was signifi- cantly low at 3.1% (95% CI: 0.3-9.5) with a plateau in success rates after 4 cycles reaching 21.9% (95% CI: 9.2-40.0). Couples with different types of infertility had CLBRs ranging from 65% to 72%, with the exception of women with low ovarian reserve, where CLBRs reached 29.4% (95% CI: 10.3-56.0). Conclusion The CLBR at a referral center in a Middle Eastern country reached 67.9 % after 6 cycles, with variations by age and type of infertility treatment. These findings are encouraging for patients insisting to extend their treatment beyond 4 to 5 cycles.}, keywords = {Assisted Reproductive Techniques,Live Birth Pregnancy Rate,Maternal Age,Multiple Pregnancy}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45575.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45575_5f14987624e26c4469993e1ece2c7fe1.pdf} } @article { author = {Niktalab, Rana and Piravar, Zeinab and Behzadi, Roudabeh}, title = {Different Polymorphisms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene in Patients with Pre-Eclampsia among The Iranian Women Population}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {41-45}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5787}, abstract = {Background Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication and one of the leading causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the world. PE is characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to the other organs, most often the liver and kidneys. Given the importance of mutation in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and its correlation with the incidence of PE, the relationship of VEGF encoding gene polymorphisms rs922583280, rs3025040 and rs10434 with the incidence of PE in the population of Iranian women was studied, in this research. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, 100 pregnant women with PE diagnosis and 50 healthy pregnant women were evaluated using Sanger sequencing method to determine genotypes rs922583280, rs3025040 and rs10434. Results There was no significant difference in the allele frequency of rs922583280 and rs3025040 polymorphisms between case and control groups (P > 0.05), while frequency of the recessive allele (G) for rs10434 polymorphism was significantly higher in the case group compared to the control group (P=0.014, case=24%, control=12%). Frequency of the allele A in the control group was higher than the patient group (case=76%, control=88%). Frequency of AG genotype in the patient group was also higher than the control group. In addition, frequency of AA genotype in the control group was higher than the patient group (case=57%, control=78). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated a significant difference between patient and control groups for the VEGF coding gene polymorphism rs10434 and it can affect the incidence of PE among Iranian women.}, keywords = {Iranian women,Pre,Eclampsia,single nucleotide polymorphism,vascular endothelial growth factor}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45576.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45576_e9b989201590c5ab0cf653525739ef90.pdf} } @article { author = {Baazm, Maryam and Ghafarizadeh, Ali Asghar and Noshad Kamran, Ali Reza and Beyer, Cordian and Zendedel, Adib}, title = {Presence of The NLRP3 Inflammasome Components in Semen of Varicocele Patients}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {46-50}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5734}, abstract = {Background Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility with multifactorial etiology. Inflammation is a characteristic pathological event that occurs in the testis tissue following the varicocele. The aim of this study was to investigate expression of nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components and cytokines in semen of varicocele and control subjects. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, seminal plasma was collected from 32 varicocele patients (with grades 2 and 3) and 20 fertile men as control group. Semen analysis was performed in all subjects. Concentrations of interleukin-1b (IL-1b), IL-18 and caspase-1 in seminal plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain, in addition to NALP3 were identified in seminal plasma by Western blot. Statistical significance between the mean values was determined by student’s t test. Results According to our data, the level of IL-1b was significantly (P=0.03) increased in the seminal plasma of varicocele patients, compared to the control subjects. We analyzed amount of IL-18 in the both groups. The level of this interleukin was markedly (P=0.002) decreased in varicocele patients. No change was observed in the level of caspase-1 in both groups. Western blot analysis revealed that apoptosis associated speck-like protein (ASC, P=0.0002) and NLRP3 (P=0.005) were significantly elevated in the semen of varicocele patients. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence of activation of NLRP3 components in semen of men with varicocele.}, keywords = {Inflammasome,Semen,Varicocele}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45577.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45577_0cb458e6eb6be8702b1272afd0356c46.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghorbani-sini, Razieh and Izadi, Tayebeh and Tavalaee, Marziyeh and Azadi, Leila and Hajian, Mehdi and Rahimi Zamani, Mahshid and Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein}, title = {Comparison of Sperm Telomere Length between Two Sperm Selection Procedures: Density Gradient Centrifugation and Zeta Potential}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {51-56}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5981}, abstract = {Background Telomeres are particular sequences of DNA located at the end of the eukaryotic chromosomes that are essential for genome integrity. Telomere length in spermatozoa differs among males, as well as spermatozoa. Also, decreased telomere length in spermatozoa of infertile men is associated with the reduction of fertility potential and embryo quality. Density gradient centrifugation (DGC) and swim-up are useful techniques for separation of spermatozoa with longer telomeres. Also, the selection of sperm based on surface negative electric charge or “Zeta potential”, can separate high percentage of spermatozoa with intact chromatin compared to DGC alone, and also the combination of DGC-Zeta can improve clinical outcomes of infertile men candidate for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Therefore, we compared sperm telomere length and DNA fragmentation between two sperm preparation procedures, namely DGC and zeta potential. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, we assessed sperm telomere length and DNA fragmentation by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and TUNEL assay methods, respectively. The spermatozoa were obtained from infertile men with normozoospermia between September 2017 and December 2017 and prepared either by DGC or zeta potential methods. Sperm telomere length was expressed as relative and absolute units. Results Compared with washed semen samples or control, no significant (P > 0.05) difference was observed in the mean relative or absolute sperm telomere length when the two methods DGC or zeta potential were compared. However, the mean percentage of DNA fragmentation was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in spermatozoa prepared by DGC or zeta potential methods than spermatozoa obtained from control samples. Conclusion This is the first study that compared the effect of DGC and zeta potential as the sperm preparation methods on sperm telomere length. It seems that both methods can select sperm population with high DNA integrity and the same sperm telomeres length.}, keywords = {Density Gradient Centrifugation,DNA fragmentation,Telomere}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45578.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45578_1fb9555fb713eb87efd61c256b6f3b16.pdf} } @article { author = {Bassiri, Farzaneh and Tavalaee, Marziyeh and Dattilio, Maurizio}, title = {Micronutrients in Support to The Carbon Cycle Activate Antioxidant Defences and Reduce Sperm DNA Damage in Infertile Men Attending Assisted Reproductive Technology Programs: Clinical Trial Study}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {57-62}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.6084}, abstract = {Background Micronutrients in support to the carbon cycle were shown to reduce sperm DNA damage both in animal models and infertile men. Besides supporting DNA methylation, their positive effect may be mediated by an improved performance of the endogenous antioxidant system but this has not yet been proven in clinical settings. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of micronutrient supplementation in infertile male partners of assisted reproductive technology (ART) resistant couples. Materials and Methods In this experimental clinical trial study, infertile male partners of couples resistant to at least one ART cycle, with a sperm fragmentation rate >20% (TUNEL), underwent a 4-month oral supplementation with micronutrients in support to the carbon cycle including folates, B vitamins, zinc and cysteines. Semen, sperm DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), nuclear maturation (CMA3 and blue aniline staining) and lipid peroxidation (BODIPY) were assessed before and after treatment. The couples were followed-up to record clinical outcomes. Results Forty-three patients completed the program but full data of pre- and post-treatment were available only for 25 patients. The treatment did not modify sperm concentration or motility but improved morphology. Nuclear maturation, DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation significantly improved after the treatment. Overall, 10 clinical pregnancies (23.3%) and 4 live births (9.3%) were recorded during the follow-up following expectant management (25 couples) or a new intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle (18 couples). Conclusion The micronutrients appeared to induce both DNA methylation, resulting in improved sperm nuclear matu- ration, and antioxidant defences, resulting in less DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation. The clinical outcomes were aligned with a possible positive effect on reproductive function. Micronutrients could be regarded as an alternative to antioxidants in correcting oxidative damage in infertile men; however, to confirm such findings, further clinical investigations are warranted (Registration number: IRCT201510207223N6).}, keywords = {Antioxidant,DNA methylation,Male infertility,Micronutrients,Sperm}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45579.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45579_29c632842cadac317f63be36e1f2607f.pdf} } @article { author = {Korakaki, Dimitra and Mouroutsos, Spyros and Tripsianis, Gregory and Nikolettos, Nikos and Asimakopoulos, Byron}, title = {Temperature Decline in Embryological Culture Dishes outside Incubator}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {63-67}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5917}, abstract = {Background In embryological culture dishes, there is a temperature decline when they are removed outside incubators. This study aimed at investigating the effects of this temperature decline within a certain time frame, the type of culture dish with or without the use of laminar air flow and whether it is possible to achieve a sufficient thermal control with the use of a heating stage. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, the temperatures of four different types of polystyrene dishes [50 mm intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 35 mm, 60 mm, 90 mm], filled with culture medium and oil were recorded for a period of 10 minutes outside the incubator. Temperature was measured with an infrared thermographic camera. The reference temperature was 37°C. Four parameters were analyzed: the type of dishes, air flow, a heating stage at 37°C and 38.5°C. Results There was a time-dependant significant temperature decline outside the incubator in all types of dishes and under all experimental conditions. Under air flow temperature decline increased compared to the no air flow condition. The use of a heating stage at either 37°C or 38.5°C slightly improved the situation in most cases. After three minutes out of the incubator without a heating stage and air flow, the temperature was}, keywords = {Culture Dish,embryo culture,Temperature}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45580.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45580_95692e9df1538e4035c74bc55e608251.pdf} } @article { author = {Patel, Ansha and Venkata Narasimha Sharma, Podila Satya and Kumar, Pratap}, title = {Psychiatric Disorders in Women Seeking Fertility Treatments: A Clinical Investigation in India}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {68-71}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5759}, abstract = {Fertility treatments began in several countries, including India, in the1970s. Despite various advancements in intra uterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF), empirical investigations on the psychological endurance and emotional tolerance of Indian women to such treatments are rather scarce. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Indian women seeking fertility treatments. It is a cross-sectional study with three hundred women participants undergoing various treatments at the Manipal Assisted Reproductive Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Karnataka, India. Psychiatric disorders were assessed in women using the “ICD- 10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders” followed by descriptive data analysis. The results show that 78% of women have psychological issues and 45% of them have a diagnosable psychiatric condition. Adjustment Disorders, Anxiety Disorders and Mixed Anxiety and Depression Disorder are established as the top three categories of diagnoses. The findings of this study suggest that women have a high emotional stake in infertility treatments. The data highlights the need for modification of the existing treatment protocol (in Indian clinics) in ways that ensure the emotional wellbeing of patients.}, keywords = {Cross,sectional study,Distress,infertility,Psychiatric disorder,Women}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45581.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45581_21a3e70e186baf50cf8ec2ac204cc272.pdf} } @article { author = {Gonzalez, Alejandro and Artazcoz, Santiago and Elorriaga, Francisco and Timmons, Douglas and Carugno, Jose}, title = {Endometriosis Presenting as Recurrent Haemorrhagic Ascites: A Case Report and Literature Review}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {72-75}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5895}, abstract = {Endometriosis is a common condition that occurs in 6-10% of all reproductive age women. This number increases to approximately 40% in women with infertility and nearly 75% in women with complaints of chronic pelvic pain. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. The most common complaints associated with endometriosis are dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain; however, patients often present with a variety of symptoms and on occasion are asymptomatic. When presenting with haemorrhagic ascites, endometriosis mimics ovarian malignancy. Conservative medical treatment is a feasible management option, especially in young patients who desire to preserve fertility. This article aims to present an extremely rare presentation of endometriosis, haemorrhagic ascites, and a review of the associated literature.}, keywords = {Endometriosis,Haemorrhagic Ascites,Pelvic Pain}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45582.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45582_3ece5cc919740a99229489b2e97a132c.pdf} } @article { author = {Barra, Fabio and Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo and Leone Roberti Maggiore, Umberto and Gaetano Vellone, Valerio and Maramai, Mattia and Scala, Carolina and Ferrero, Simone}, title = {Endometriosis Classification and The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Polymorphisms as A Therapeutic Target}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {76-77}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.5876}, abstract = {In the recent original research published on International Journal of Fertility and Sterility the association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genetic polymorphisms and endometriosis in 150 Iranian patients suffered this disease. The authors notably found a lower frequency of TNF-α -863C/A allele A among the affected patients in comparison with healthy women, although this difference was not significant by adjusting multiple testing. We deem that the authors should specify, if these patients had peritoneal nodules, ovarian endometrioma/deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) nodules or combination of them, since it has been hypothesized that these phenotypes may represent three distinct pathogenetic entities of endometriosis.}, keywords = {Endometriosis,Genetic polymorphisms,Tumor Necrosis Factor,Alpha}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45583.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45583_e3e3f4b334c4927c367489d3ce05d0f6.pdf} } @article { author = {Mazokopakis, Elias E.}, title = {Sexual Activity during Menstruation in The Holy Bible and Quran}, journal = {International Journal of Fertility and Sterility}, volume = {14}, number = {1}, pages = {78-78}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Royan Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR)}, issn = {2008-076X}, eissn = {2008-0778}, doi = {10.22074/ijfs.2020.6060}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45584.html}, eprint = {https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45584_16492bb21a912fc805fb2054cc8314bd.pdf} }